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American JoCuteompr urnal of Science and Information Technogylo

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Intuitionistic fuzzy (IFuzzy) have remarkable applications in complex real world problems
. Fuzzy set is the superset of IFuzzy, many applications have been successfully implemented in the field of computer science
. Soft computing is related to the system finds solution for the vague problems, introduced in early 90’s and became popular by its approach to the real world problem
. The development of IFuzzy leads to improvement in softcomputing method to analyze the complex system with complex inputs
. It is possible to build a hybrid intelligent system using IFuzzy methods
. The proposed study has derived IFuzzy methods for reliability problems in the soft computing and some definitions for the complex problems.

About American Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology

About American Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology

American Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology (AJCSIT) is an intercontinental free access, peer reviewed journal
. AJCSIT focuses on allocating a platform and persuading transpire intellectuals and academicians worldwide to share their academic and professional knowledge in the subjects of Computer Science, Engineering, and Technology
. AJCSIT also targets to outstretch to a huge number of audiences across the world with authentic and cutting-edge research findings accomplished on the requisite issues of the above salient disciplines
. Besides only research discussions, book reviews, best quality technical points, review articles, and surveys from professionals in the field to encourage instinctive understanding of the state-of-the-art and trends-in-technology are also highly encouraged
. It is an avenue for scientists and operational engineers indulged in all facets of Computer Science and Information Technology to publish quality research papers.
Articles for final confirmation in the journal are heedfully chosen and then encounter initial editorial screen through meticulous peer review, to safeguard the original novelty, relevance, timeliness and readability. Topics of interest include Computer Architecture and Systems, Algorithms and Bioinformatics, Database and Data Mining, Computer Networks and Distributed Computing, Computer Graphics and Multimedia, Game and Software Engineering Systems, Scalable Computing, Simulation and Modeling, Networking and Communications, Soft and Internet Computing , etc.
American Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology invites the authors to submit their article as an e-mail attachment via editor.ajcsit@eclinicaljournals.comcomputersci@imedpub.org (or) as an online submission athttp://www.editorialmanager.com/imedpub/

Design of Athlete Information Provision System Using Object Recognition

Keywords:
Object Recognition, Information Provision, Provision System
. 1 Introduction A paradigm shift caused by information communication development allows us to move closer to the ubiquitous and smart phone life
. As the standard of living has been raised, and entertainment and sports became more and more popular in these days, the desire to review every sorts of information of interested athletes using augmented reality application of smart phone, is driven in the stadiums
. The internet which enables interaction with various information while connecting computer network of the world, is recognized as an important media resource in education as well as a major informant of knowledge-information-based society
. Especially, World Wide Web (herein after referred to as the Web), one of the internet services, is very useful for education information, as it implements various multimedia information in a hypermedia format, free from any constraints of time and space [1]
. Recently, many people are willing to use services wherever they want, carrying at least one mobile device, which is U-environment or mobile environment
. Besides, a lot of companies are providing products or services suitable for the mobile environment, and it is generally referred to as U-Biz [2,3]
. The features of the mobile environment comparing to the common wired environment are as follows [3]
.[4]; First, the mobile environment has no limitation in time and space
. Users desire to find information whenever and wherever they want, while carrying mobile devices. Second, the mobile environment is quite individual
. Most of the mobile devices is 

Design of Athlete Information Provision System Using Object Recognition

Design of Athlete Information Provision System Using Object Recognition Seoksoo Kim Dept
. of Multimedia, Hannam Univ., 133 Ojeong-dong, Daedeok-gu, Daejeon-city, Korea sskim0123@naver.com Abstract
. The suggested athlete information provision system obtains the image of an athlete who is playing a game, through the broadcast cameras installed at several places of the stadium
. The server extracts the uniform information using uniform information extraction/recognition module, out of the athlete image transmitted from the broadcast cameras
. The extracted information is used to identify athlete information and league information stored in the database
. the identified athlete information is transmitted to the smart phone by which the user is watching a live broadcast of the game, so that the user watches the broadcast relayed more easily
. This is the athlete information provision service system using the uniform information as an object.

IT vs Computer science

1. Computer science deals with creating computer programs while IT deals with the usage of those programs in business.

2. Computer science is at the ‘lower level’ while Information technology is at high level, in computing terms.


3. Information technology integrates computer science into the business world for automated solutions.


4. Computer scientists should have low level workings of computers whereas in IT that’s not necessary.


IT vs Computer science

In almost all schools, computer science courses involve learning about computer programming which involves learning the basics of programming methodology, data structures, algorithms, complexity theory all the way down to learning what makes an operating system work, although at computer science level, low level programming is not usually looked at in detail as it is dealt with in computer engineering courses
.Looking at computing in general we can best organize these terms in a hierarchical manner
. At a lower level we have computer engineering which is at the ‘chip’ level dealing with the internal circuitry, power and the electronics of a computer
. Next level is the computer science level which tends to be quite wide because a computer scientist will actually be acquainted with low level stuff in computer engineering as well as high level programming that integrates with the chips and circuitry to make the machines work
. Then at the high level is Information technology which concentrates with studying the impact of applications or solutions developed at the preceding level to business
. IT finds ways of integrating these solutions into the business framework.


IT vs Computer science

IT vs Computer science
In their most basic terms, Computer Science and Information Technology may not have any difference when being referred to in general and for a good reason, a lot of people do take them to mean more or less the same thing
. However, speaking in strict computing terms, there is indeed a difference between the two terms
.Computer science refers to the processes used to create usable computer programs and applications together with all theory behind those processes
. Information technology on the other hand refers to the application of computer programs to solve business processes
. It is the application of technology in business. Information technology is very vast in terms of scale because it is applied virtually to any type of process that may require automation, from business, scientific research to the music industry, telecoms and banking
.The two terms may also differ depending on school or college, where in some schools they may use one term to refer to a course that combines IT and Computer science modules
. In schools that are more engineering based, they use the computer science term as an umbrella term for all theory relating to information technology
. In such cases they normally use the term ‘computer engineering’ to refer to the process of creating computer programs, both at system level and application level.


Computer Science and Information Technology

 10: Computer Networks Concept of layering
. LAN technologies (Ethernet)
. Flow and error control techniques, switching
. IPv4/IPv6, routers and routing algorithms (distance vector, link state)
. TCP/UDP and sockets, congestion control
. Application layer protocols (DNS, SMTP, POP, FTP, HTTP)
. Basics of Wi-Fi. Network security: authentication, basics of public key and private key cryptography, digital signatures and certificates, firewalls.

Computer Science and Information Technology

 9: Databases ER‐model
. Relational model: relational algebra, tuple calculus, SQL
. Integrity constraints, normal forms
. File organization, indexing (e.g., B and B+ trees)
. Transactions and concurrency control.

Computer Science and Information Technology

 8: Operating System Processes, threads, inter‐process communication, concurrency and synchronization
. Deadlock. CPU scheduling
. Memory management and virtual memory. File systems.

Computer Science and Information Technology

 7: Compiler Design Lexical analysis, parsing, syntax-directed translation
. Runtime environments. Intermediate code generation.

Computer Science and Information Technology

 6: Theory of Computation Regular expressions and finite automata
. Context-free grammars and push-down automata. Regular and contex-free languages, pumping lemma
. Turing machines and undecidability.

Computer Science and Information Technology

 5: Algorithms Searching, sorting, hashing
. Asymptotic worst case time and space complexity
. Algorithm design techniques: greedy, dynamic programming and divide‐and‐conquer
. Graph search, minimum spanning trees, shortest paths.

Computer Science and Information Technology

 4: Programming and Data Structures Programming in C
. Recursion. Arrays, stacks, queues, linked lists, trees, binary search trees, binary heaps, graphs.

Computer Science and Information Technology

3: Computer Organization and Architecture Machine instructions and addressing modes
. ALU, data‐path and control unit. Instruction pipelining
. Memory hierarchy: cache, main memory and secondary storage; I/O interface (interrupt and DMA mode).

CS Computer Science and Information Technology

CS Computer Science and Information Technology Section1: Engineering Mathematics Discrete Mathematics: Propositional and first order logic
. Sets, relations, functions, partial orders and lattices
. Groups. Graphs: connectivity, matching, coloring
. Combinatorics: counting, recurrence relations, generating functions
. Linear Algebra: Matrices, determinants, system of linear equations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, LU decomposition
. Calculus: Limits, continuity and differentiability
. Maxima and minima. Mean value theorem. Integration
. Probability: Random variables
. Uniform, normal, exponential, poisson and binomial distributions
. Mean, median, mode and standard deviation. Conditional probability and Bayes theorem. 

Digital Logic Boolean algebra

Digital Logic Boolean algebra
. Combinational and sequential circuits. Minimization
. Number representations and computer arithmetic (fixed and floating point)

CS Computer Science and Information Technology Section1

CS Computer Science and Information Technology Section1: Engineering Mathematics Discrete Mathematics: Propositional and first order logic
. Sets, relations, functions, partial orders and lattices
. Groups. Graphs: connectivity, matching, coloring
. Combinatorics: counting, recurrence relations, generating functions
. Linear Algebra: Matrices, determinants, system of linear equations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, LU decomposition
. Calculus: Limits, continuity and differentiability
. Maxima and minima. Mean value theorem. Integration
. Probability: Random variables
. Uniform, normal, exponential, poisson and binomial distributions
. Mean, median, mode and standard deviation. Conditional probability and Bayes theorem. 

etin meaning

Electronic Transmitter Identification Number

Hello World Example

Hello World Example

 A C program basically consists of the following parts:
  Preprocessor Commands  Functions
  Variables  Statements & Expressions
  Comments Let us look at a simple code that would print the words "Hello World": #include int main() { /* my first program in C */ printf("Hello, World! \n"); return 0; } Let us take a look at the various parts of the above program:
 1. The first line of the program #include is a preprocessor command, which tells a C compiler to include stdio.h file before going to actual compilation
. 2. The next line int main() is the main function where the program execution begins.
3. The next line /*...*/ will be ignored by the compiler and it has been put to add additional comments in the program. So such lines are called comments in the program.
 4. The next line printf(...) is another function available in C which causes the message "Hello, World!" to be displayed on the screen.
 5. The next line return 0; terminates the main() function and returns the value 0.

Installation on Windows

Installation on Windows

 To install GCC on Windows, you need to install MinGW
. To install MinGW, go to the MinGW homepage, www.mingw.org, and follow the link to the MinGW download page
. Download the latest version of the MinGW installation program, which should be named MinGW- .exe
. While installing MinGW, at a minimum, you must install gcc-core, gcc-g++, binutils, and the MinGW runtime, but you may wish to install more
. Add the bin subdirectory of your MinGW installation to your PATH environment variable, so that you can specify these tools on the command line by their simple names
. After the installation is complete, you will be able to run gcc, g++, ar, ranlib, dlltool, and several other GNU tools from the Windows command line.

Installation on Mac OS

Installation on Mac OS

Installation on Mac OS If you use Mac OS X, the easiest way to obtain GCC is to download the Xcode development environment from Apple's web site and follow the simple installation instructions. Once you have Xcode setup, you will be able to use GNU compiler for C/C++. Xcode is currently available at developer.apple.com/technologies/tools/.

Installation on UNIX/Linux

Installation on UNIX/Linux


 If you are using Linux or UNIX, then check whether GCC is installed on your system by entering the

 following command from the command line: $ gcc -v If you have GNU compiler installed on your 

machine, then it should print a message as follows: Using built-in specs. Target: i386-redhat-linux 

 Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr ....... Thread model: posix gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 

(Red Hat 4.1.2-46) If GCC is not installed, then you will have to install it yourself using the detailed 

instructions available at http://gcc.gnu.org/install/. This tutorial has been written based on Linux and 

all the given examples have been compiled on the Cent OS flavor of the Linux system.

The C Compiler



The C Compiler
The source code written in source file is the human readable source for your program. It needs to be "compiled" into machine language so that your CPU can actually execute the program as per the instructions given. The compiler compiles the source codes into final executable programs. The most frequently used and free available compiler is the GNU C/C++ compiler, otherwise you can have compilers either from HP or Solaris if you have the respective operating systems. The following section explains how to install GNU C/C++ compiler on various OS. m We keep mentioning C/C++ together because GNU gcc compiler works for both C and C++ programming languages.
Quick Start with C
programming language is perhaps the most popular programming language. C was created in 1972 by
Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Labs in USA as a part of UNIX operating system. C was also used to
develop some parts of this operating system. From that time C programming language has been the
de facto programming language when fast programs are needed or the software needs to interact
with the hardware in some way. Most of the operating systems like Linux, Windows™, and Mac™ are either
developed in C language or use this language for most parts of the operating system and the tools coming
with it.
This course is a quick course on C Programming language. In our first lesson we will first write our first
C program. We will then learn about printing to screen, variables and functions. We assume that you are
familiar with at least one of the popular operating system

C programming tutorial - C programs

About C programs :


C programs with output illustrate various programming concepts - operators, loops, functions, single and double dimensional arrays, performing operations on strings, files, pointers, etc. Download executable files and execute them without compiling the source file. Code::Blocks IDE is used to write programs, most of these will work with GCC and Dev C++ compilers. The first program prints "Hello World" on output device.

C programming tutorial - C Programming Examples

C Programming Examples

This page contains a collection examples on basic concepts of C programming like: loops, functions, pointers, structures etc.
Feel free to use the source code on your system.

Where Use :
 Operating Systems
 Language Compilers
 Assemblers
 Text Editors
 Print Spoolers
 Network Drivers
 Modern Programs
 Databases
 Language Interpreters
 Utilities 

C programming tutorial - Why Use C?

Why Use C?
C was initially used for system development work, particularly the programs that make-up the operating system. C was adopted as a system development language because it produces code that runs nearly as fast as the code written in assembly language. Some examples of the use of C might be: 

C programming tutorial - Facts about C

Facts about C :
C was invented to write an operating system called UNIX. 
 C is a successor of B language which was introduced around the early 1970s.
 The language was formalized in 1988 by the American National Standard Institute (ANSI).
 The UNIX OS was totally written in C.
 Today C is the most widely used and popular System Programming Language.
 Most of the state-of-the-art software have been implemented using C.
 Today's most popular Linux OS and RDBMS MySQL have been written in C.

C programming tutorial - C programming language

C programming language :
C is a general-purpose, high-level language that was originally developed by Dennis M. Ritchie to develop the UNIX operating system at Bell Labs.

C was originally first implemented on the DEC PDP-11 computer in 1972. In 1978, Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie produced the first publicly available description of C, now known as the K&R standard. The UNIX operating system, the C compiler, and essentially all UNIX application programs have been written in C. C has now become a widely used professional language for various reasons:  Easy to learn
 Structured language
 It produces efficient programs
 It can handle low-level activities
 It can be compiled on a variety of computer platforms 

C programming tutorial

About The Tutorial :
C is a general-purpose, procedural, imperative computer programming language developed in 1972 by Dennis M. Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories to develop the UNIX operating system. C is the most widely used computer language. It keeps fluctuating at number one scale of popularity along with Java programming language, which is also equally popular and most widely used among modern software programmers. 

Class vs. Object Class....

Class vs. Object Class..


A description of the common properties of a set of objects.
 • A concept.
 • A class is a part of a program.
 • Example 1: Person
 • Example 2: Album Object
 • A representation of the properties of a single instance.
 • A phenomenon.
 • An object is part of data and a program execution.
 • Example 1: Bill Clinton, Bono, Viggo Jensen.
 • Example 2: A Hard Day's Night, Joshua Tree, Rickie Lee Jones

Encapsulation and Information Hiding, cont.

Encapsulation and Information Hiding, cont.
• What the "outside world" cannot see it cannot depend on!
 • The object is a "fire-wall" between the object and the "outside world".
 • The hidden data and methods can be changed without affecting the "outside world". Hidden data and methods Client interface An object Visible data and methods

Learning Objected Programming

Encapsulation and Information Hiding, cont.
 • What the "outside world" cannot see it cannot depend on!
 • The object is a "fire-wall" between the object and the "outside world"
. • The hidden data and methods can be changed without affecting the "outside world".

Learning Object Oriented Programming

Encapsulation and Information Hiding 
Data can be encapsulated such that it is invisible to the "outside world".
• Data can only be accessed via methods.

Encapsulation and Information Hiding, cont. 
• What the "outside world" cannot see it cannot depend on!
• The object is a "fire-wall" between the object and the "outside world".
• The hidden data and methods can be changed without affecting the "outside world".

Learning Object Oriented Programming

Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming 
• Objects and classes
• Abstract Data Types (ADT)
• Encapsulation and information hiding
• Aggregation
• Inheritance and polymorphism

Pure Object-Oriented Languages Five rules [Source: Alan Kay]: 
• Everything in an object.
• A program is a set of objects telling each other what to do by sending messages.
• Each object has its own memory (made up by other objects).
• Every object has a type.
• All objects of a specific type can receive the same messages.
 Java breaks some of these rules in the name of efficiency.

The Object Concept 
• An object is an encapsulation of data.
• An object has  identity (a unique reference),  state, also called characteristics  behavior
• An object is an instance of an abstract data type.
• An abstract data type is implemented via a class

Learning Basic Electronics

Getting started with basic electronics is easier than you might think. This Instruct able will hopefully demystify the basics of electronics so that anyone with an interest in construction circuits can punch the ground running. This is a quick overview into practical electronics and it is not my goal to research extremely into the science of electrical engineering. If you are concerned in learning more about the science of basic electronics, Wikipedia is a high-quality place to create your search.

By the end of this Instruct able, anyone with an interest to learn basic electronics should be able to read a schematic and construct a circuit using standard electronic mechanism.

Introduction C++ Programming Language

C++ ranks 4th in popularity according to 2016 IEEE spectrum Top Programming Language ranking. Learning C++ is a intelligent asset for all programmers.
This guide answers all your questions connected to C++ on what is it, when is it used, why is it used and how to find yourself started with it.
“C++ is a statically-typed, free-form, (usually) compiled, multi-paradigm, transitional-level general-principle middle-level programming language.”
In simple terms, C++ is a sophisticated, capable and a general-purpose programming language based on C. It was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979.
a lot of of today’s operating systems, system drivers, browsers and games employ C++ as their core language. This makes C++ one of the most popular languages today.
Since it is an enhanced/extended version of C programming language, C and C++ are repeatedly denoted together as C/C++.

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